The Global Egyptian Museum

On account of its idealization and the elegance of its form, the impressive mastery over the material, and especially because of the great personality expressed in it, this work must rank as a prime example of Egyptian royal sculpture. The face is a typical "Thutmoside face", as displayed by all members of the royal family of the early 18th dynasty, doubtless because of their similar family features. The high plasticity of the face is stressed by the eye-paint lines on the eyes and brows, by the broad ceremonial beard, and the canonical royal head-covering, the "nemes", which provides a harmonious framing of the head. The upper body is bare, suggesting that the lower body, which is now lost, was once dressed in the short ceremonial kilt of the Pharaohs (and the gods). With only the upper body remaining, the statue's posture can only be deduced on the basis of subtle details. The upper arms are inclined slightly forward, as can be seen on the left arm where the beginning of the lower arm has been preserved. This indicates that the king was originally represented kneeling with an offering in each hand; these offerings were probably the two round vessels which during a particular offering ritual were presented by the king in this posture. On the basis of the strict Egyptian canon of proportions, we can estimate the original height of the statue with a fair amount of precision. In the case of a kneeling posture, this would have been c. 90 cm, and in the case of a standing posture c. 125 cm. The base of the statue would have measured another 20 cm in height.

En raison de son idéalisation, de l'élégance de sa représentation, du travail du matériau, mais surtout en raison de sa grande personnalité, cette statue est un bel exemple de la sculpture royale. La plastique du visage - un visage "typiquement Thoutmoside", comme les portraits des souverains du début de la XVIIIème Dynastie avec leurs grandes ressemblances familiales le démontrent - est accentuée par des traits de maquillage autour des yeux et des sourcils, par la grande barbe cérémonielle détaillée et par le couvre-chef royal, le "nemes", qui encadre harmonieusement le visage. La partie supérieure du corps est nue. Le roi portait probablement le pagne court cérémoniel des pharaons et des dieux. A cause de la perte de la partie inférieure, on ne peut définir l'attitude de la statue qu'en se basant sur des traces très ténues. Les bras sont dirigés légèrement vers l'avant, jugeant par le début du coude encore visible sur le bras gauche. Cela pourrait indiquer qu' à l'origine le roi était représenté dans une position agenouillée avec une offrande dans chaque main. On suppose la présence des deux vases ronds qui étaient offerts par le roi dans cette position lors d'une action cultuelle particulière. Tout en se basant sur le canon égyptien strict, on peut plus au moins définir la hauteur originale. Pour les statues agenouillées, elle est environ de 90 cm, pour les statues debout 125 cm, à laquelle il faut encore ajouter la hauteur du socle (environ 20 cm).

Dieses Werk ist durch seine Idealisierung, die Eleganz der Darstellung, die hervorragende Materialbearbeitung, vor allem aber durch die große Persönlichkeit, die darin ihren Ausdruck findet, geradezu ein Paradebeispiel ägyptischer Königsskulptur. Die durchgeformte Plastizität des Gesichtes - eines typischen "Tuthmosidengesichtes", wie es die Portraits der Herrscher der frühen 18. Dynastie offensichtlich auf Grund großer Familienähnlichkeit zeigen - wird noch durch die plastischen Schminkstriche an Augen und Brauen, durch den breiten, detailliert gestalteten Zeremonialbart sowie durch das kanonische Königskopftuch, den Nemes, der das Gesicht harmonisch umrahmt, gehoben. Der Oberkörper ist nackt. Der heute verlorene Unterleib war zweifellos mit dem kurzen Zeremonialschurz der Pharaonen (und Götter) bekleidet. 
Da nur der Oberkörper erhalten ist, kann nur noch aus subtilen Spuren auf die Haltung der Statue geschlossen werden. Die Oberarme sind leicht nach vorne geschwenkt; vom linken Unterarm ist gerade noch der Ansatz an der Beuge erhalten. Am ehesten weist dies darauf, daß die Statue ursprünglich kniete und der König mit jeder Hand ein Opfer darbot; dafür kommen die beiden kugeligen Gefässe in Frage, die bei einer bestimmten kultischen Opferhandlung des Königs in dieser Haltung dargereicht werden. Auf Grund des strengen ägyptischen Proportionskanons kann ziemlich genau die ursprüngliche Höhe bestimmt werden: Bei einer knienden Statue sind dies etwa 90 cm; würde die Statue gestanden sein, ergäben sich etwa 125 cm. Dazu kommt jeweils noch die Höhe des Sockels von etwa 20 cm.

Per la sua idealizzazione, l'eleganza della rappresentazione, la lavorazione del materiale di eccellente qualità, ma soprattutto per la sua forte espressività, questa statua costituisce un bell'esempio della scultura regale egizia. La plasticità del volto modellato con cura - un tipico "volto tutmoside", come lo dimostrano chiaramente i ritratti dei sovrani dell'inizio della XVIII dinastia con la loro forte somiglianza famigliare - è accentuata dalle linee di trucco in rilievo sugli occhi e sulle sopracciglia, dalla grossa barba cerimoniale modellata minuziosamente e dal copricapo regale, il nemes, che incornicia armonicamente il volto. La parte superiore del corpo è nuda. La parte del basso ventre, andata perduta, era senza dubbio coperta dal corto perizoma cerimoniale dei faraoni e degli dei. A causa della perdita della parte inferiore, è possibile definire l'atteggiamento della statua basandosi solo su pochi indizi. La parte superiore delle braccia è orientata leggermente in avanti; della parte inferiore del braccio sinistro è ancora visibile l'inizio del gomito. Questo potrebbe indicare che che il re era in ginocchio e presentava in ogni mano un'offerta; si suppone la presenza dei due vasi rotondi, che erano necessari durante un'azione cultuale. Sulla base del rigido canone egizio è possibile determinare con esattezza l'altezza originaria: per una statua inginocchiata è di circa 90 cm; per una statua era stante, di circa 125 cm. A ciò si deve aggiungere l'altezza del basamento, di circa 20 cm.

Esta peça deve ser vista com um dos melhores exemplos da estatuária real egípcia devido à elegância e idealizaç&atilde;o das formas, e especialmente devido à personalizaç&atilde;o conferida. O rosto é tipicamente tutméssida, tal como se pode ver nas esculturas de todos os membros da família real da XVIII dinastia, sem dúvida devido às suas feiç&otilde;es semelhantes. A grande plasticidade do rosto é acentuada pelas linhas pretas sobre os olhos e sobrancelhas, pela grande pêra ceremonial, pelo toucado real canónico, o nemés, que fornece um harmonioso enquadramento da cabeça. O torso encontra-se nu, sugerindo que a parte inferior do corpo, agora desaparecida, estaria coberta pelo saiote ceremonial dos faraós (e dos deuses). Apenas com a parte superior do corpo, a postura da estátua pode ser deduzida através de pequenos detalhes. Os antebraços aparecem levemente inclinados para a frente, tal como se pode ver no lado esquerdo, onde o braço começa. Isto indica que o rei estava originalmente representado de joelhos, segurando uma oferenda em ambas as m&atilde;os. As oferendas eram provavelmente dois recipientes redondos que eram dados pelo rei nesta postura num ritual de oferendas. Com base no rígido cânone egípcio de proporç&otilde;es, podemos calcular a altura da estátua com alguma precis&atilde;o. No caso da pose de joelhos, teria sido cerca de 90 cm, e no caso da posiç&atilde;o de pé, cerca de 125 cm. A base da estátua deveria medir outros tantos 20 cm de altura.

A causa de su idealización, de la elegancia de su presentación y del trabajo del material, pero, sobre todo, debido a su gran personalidad, esta estatua es un bonito ejemplo de escultura real. La plástica del rostro -un rostro "típicamente thutmósida", como demuestran con su gran parecido familiar los retratos de los soberanos de comienzos de la Dinastía XVIII- se ve acentuada por los rastros de maquillaje alrededor de los ojos y las cejas, por la gran y detallada barba ceremonial y por el tocado real, el "nemes", que encuadra armoniosamente el rostro. La parte superior del cuerpo está desnuda. Probablemente, el rey vestía el paño corto ceremonial de los faraones y los dioses. Debido a la pérdida de la parte inferior, no se puede definir la actitud de la estatua más que basándose en indicios muy pobres. Los brazos se dirigen ligeramente hacia delante, y todavía es visible el comienzo del codo del brazo izquierdo; esto podría indicar que el rey estaba arrodillado mientras realizaba una ofrenda. Por lo tanto, suponemos la presencia de los dos vasos redondos necesarios durante una acción de culto. Basándonos en el canon egipcio estricto, podemos saber, aproximadamente, cual era la altura original. Para las estatuas arrodilladas, ésta es de 90 cm, y para las estatuas de pie de 125 cm, a las que habría que sumar la altura del pedestal (alrededor de 20 cm).

On account of its idealization and the elegance of its form, the impressive mastery over the material, and especially because of the great personality expressed in it, this work must rank as a prime example of Egyptian royal sculpture. The face is a typical "Thutmoside face", as displayed by all members of the royal family of the early 18th dynasty, doubtless because of their similar family features. The high plasticity of the face is stressed by the eye-paint lines on the eyes and brows, by the broad ceremonial beard, and the canonical royal head-covering, the "nemes", which provides a harmonious framing of the head. The upper body is bare, suggesting that the lower body, which is now lost, was once dressed in the short ceremonial kilt of the Pharaohs (and the gods). With only the upper body remaining, the statue's posture can only be deduced on the basis of subtle details. The upper arms are inclined slightly forward, as can be seen on the left arm where the beginning of the lower arm has been preserved. This indicates that the king was originally represented kneeling with an offering in each hand; these offerings were probably the two round vessels which during a particular offering ritual were presented by the king in this posture. On the basis of the strict Egyptian canon of proportions, we can estimate the original height of the statue with a fair amount of precision. In the case of a kneeling posture, this would have been c. 90 cm, and in the case of a standing posture c. 125 cm. The base of the statue would have measured another 20 cm in height.

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Hierogliefen S3-G5- E1-D40-//-// !
Transliteratie Hr kA-nxt ...
Vertaling Horus "de sterke stier..." Horus "Strong Bull..." Horus "le taureau puissant..." Horus "Starker Stier..." Horo "toro potente..." Hórus Touro Poderoso... Horus "el toro poderoso..." Horus "Strong Bull..."

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